Goods and Services Tax

Section 131
Confiscation or penalty not to interfere with other punishments.
GST
OFFENCES AND PENALTIES
Section 131 of Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
Confiscation or penalty not to interfere with other punishments.
131. Without prejudice to the provisions contained in the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974), no confiscation made or penalty imposed under the provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder shall prevent the infliction of any other punis

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Section 130
Confiscation of goods or conveyances and levy of penalty.
GST
OFFENCES AND PENALTIES
Section 130 of Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
Confiscation of goods or conveyances and levy of penalty.
130. (1) 1[Where] any person-
(i) supplies or receives any goods in contravention of any of the provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder with intent to evade payment of tax; or
(ii) does not account for any goods on which he is liable to pay tax under this Act; or
(iii) supplies any goods liable to tax under this Act without having applied for registration; or
(iv) contravenes any of the provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder with intent to evade payment of tax; or
(v) uses any conveyance

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cated, less the tax chargeable thereon:
Provided further that the aggregate of such fine and penalty leviable shall not be less than the 2[penalty equal to hundred per cent. of the tax payable on such goods]:
Provided also that where any such conveyance is used for the carriage of the goods or passengers for hire, the owner of the conveyance shall be given an option to pay in lieu of the confiscation of the conveyance a fine equal to the tax payable on the goods being transported thereon.
(3) 3[****]
(4) No order for confiscation of goods or conveyance or for imposition of penalty shall be issued without giving the person an opportunity of being heard.
(5) Where any goods or conveyance are confiscated under this Act, the title of such

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f. 01-01-2022 before it was read as,
“Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, if”
2.
Substituted vide Section 118 of the Finance Act, 2021 w.e.f. 01-01-2022 before it was read as,
“amount of penalty leviable under sub-section (1) of section 129”
3.
Substituted vide Section 118 of the Finance Act, 2021 w.e.f. 01-01-2022 before it was read as,
“(3) Where any fine in lieu of confiscation of goods or conveyance is imposed under sub-section (2), the owner of such goods or conveyance or the person referred to in sub-section (1), shall, in addition, be liable to any tax, penalty and charges payable in respect of such goods or conveyance.”
–
Statute, statutory provisions legislation, law, enactment, A

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Section 129
Detention, seizure and release of goods and conveyances in transit
GST
OFFENCES AND PENALTIES
Section 129 of Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
Detention, seizure and release of goods and conveyances in transit
129. (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, where any person transports any goods or stores any goods while they are in transit in contravention of the provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder, all such goods and conveyance used as a means of transport for carrying the said goods and documents relating to such goods and conveyance shall be liable to detention or seizure and after detention or seizure, shall be released,
2[(a) on payment of penalty equal to two hundred per cent. of the tax payable on such goods and, in case of exempted goods, on payment of an amount equal to two per cent. of the value of goods or twenty-five thousand rupees, whichever is less, where the owner of the goods comes forward for payment of su

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enalty under clause (a) or clause (b) of sub-section (1).]
(4) 5[No penalty] shall be determined under sub-section (3) without giving the person concerned an opportunity of being heard.
(5) On payment of amount referred in sub-section (1), all proceedings in respect of the notice specified in sub-section (3) shall be deemed to be concluded.
6[(6) Where the person transporting any goods or the owner of such goods fails to pay the amount of penalty under sub-section (1) within fifteen days from the date of receipt of the copy of the order passed under sub-section (3), the goods or conveyance so detained or seized shall be liable to be sold or disposed of otherwise, in such manner and within such time as may be prescribed, to recover the penalty payable under sub-section (3):
Provided that the conveyance shall be released on payment by the transporter of penalty under sub-section (3) or one lakh rupees, whichever is less:
Provided further that where the detained or seized goods are p

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on payment of an amount equal to five per cent. of the value of goods or twenty-five thousand rupees, whichever is less, where the owner of the goods does not come forward for payment of such tax and penalty;”
3.
Omitted vide Section 117 of the Finance Act, 2021 w.e.f. 01-01-2022 before it was read as,
“(2) The provisions of sub-section (6) of section 67 shall, mutatis mutandis, apply for detention and seizure of goods and conveyances.”
4.
Substituted vide Section 117 of the Finance Act, 2021 w.e.f. 01-01-2022 before it was read as,
“(3) The proper officer detaining or seizing goods or conveyances shall issue a notice specifying the tax and penalty payable and thereafter, pass an order for payment of tax and penalty under clause (a) or clause (b) or clause (c).”
5. 
Substituted vide Section 117 of the Finance Act, 2021 w.e.f. 01-01-2022 before it was read as, “No tax, interest or penalty”
6.
Substituted vide Section 117 of the Finance

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Section 128
Power to waive penalty or fee or both.
GST
OFFENCES AND PENALTIES
Section 128 of Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
Power to waive penalty or fee or both.
128. The Government may, by notification, waive in part or full, any penalty referred to in section 122 or section 123 or section 125 or any late fee referred to in section 47 for such class of taxpayers and under such mitigating circumstances as may be specified therein on the recommendations of the Council.

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Section 104
Advance ruling to be void in certain circumstances.
GST
ADVANCE RULING
Section 104 of Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
Advance ruling to be void in certain circumstances.
104. (1) Where the Authority or the Appellate Authority 1[or the National Appellate Authority] finds that advance ruling pronounced by it under sub-section (4) of section 98 or under sub-section (1) of section 101 2[or under section 101C] has been obtained by the applicant or the appellant by fraud or suppression of material facts or misrepresentation of facts, it may, by order, declare such ruling to be void ab-initio and thereupon all the provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder shall apply to the applicant or th

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Section 105
Powers of Authority, Appellate Authority and National Appellate Authority
GST
ADVANCE RULING
Section 105 of Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
1[Powers of Authority, Appellate Authority and National Appellate Authority.]
105. (1) The Authority or the Appellate Authority 2[or the National Appellate Authority] shall, for the purpose of exercising its powers regarding-
(a) discovery and inspection;
(b) enforcing the attendance of any person and examining him on oath;
(c) issuing commissions and compelling production of books of account and other records,
have all the powers of a civil court under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908).
(2) The Authority or the Appellate Authority 3[or the Natio

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Section 127
Power to impose penalty in certain cases.
GST
OFFENCES AND PENALTIES
Section 127 of Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
Power to impose penalty in certain cases.
127. Where the proper officer is of the view that a person is liable to a penalty and the same is not covered under any proceedings under section 62 or section 63 or section 64 or section 73 or section 74 1[or section 74A] or section 129 or section 130, he may issue an order levying such penalty after g

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Section 106
Procedure of Authority, Appellate Authority and National Appellate Authority
GST
ADVANCE RULING
Section 106 of Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
1[Procedure of Authority, Appellate Authority and National Appellate Authority.]
106. The Authority or the Appellate Authority 2[or the National Appellate Authority] shall, subject to the provisions of this Chapter, have power to regulate its own procedure.
 
 
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NOTES:-
1.
Substituted

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Section 126
General disciplines related to penalty.
GST
OFFENCES AND PENALTIES
Section 126 of Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
General disciplines related to penalty.
126. (1) No officer under this Act shall impose any penalty for minor breaches of tax regulations or procedural requirements and in particular, any omission or mistake in documentation which is easily rectifiable and made without fraudulent intent or gross negligence.
Explanation.For the purpose of this sub-section,
(a) a breach shall be considered a “minor breach” if the amount of tax involved is less than five thousand rupees;
(b) an omission or mistake in documentation shall be considered to be easily rectifiable if the same is an error apparen

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Section 102
Rectification of advance ruling.
GST
ADVANCE RULING
Section 102 of Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
Rectification of advance ruling.
102. The Authority or the Appellate Authority 1[or the National Appellate Authority] may amend any order passed by it under section 98 or section 101 2[or section 101C, respectively,], so as to rectify any error apparent on the face of the record, if such error is noticed by the Authority or the Appellate Authority 1A[or the National Appellate Authority] on its own accord, or is brought to its notice by the concerned officer, the jurisdictional officer, the applicant 3[,appellant, the Authority or the Appellate Authority] within a period of six months from the da

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General penalty.
Section 125
GST
OFFENCES AND PENALTIES
Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
General penalty.
125. Any person, who contravenes any of the provisions of this Act or

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Section 101
Orders of Appellate Authority.
GST
ADVANCE RULING
Section 101 of Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
Orders of Appellate Authority.
101. (1) The Appellate Authority may, after giving the parties to the appeal or reference an opportunity of being heard, pass such order as it thinks fit, confirming or modifying the ruling appealed against or referred to.
(2) The order referred to in sub-section (1) shall be passed within a period of ninety days from the date of f

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Section 100
Appeal to Appellate Authority.
GST
ADVANCE RULING
Section 100 of Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
Appeal to Appellate Authority.
100. (1) The concerned officer, the jurisdictional officer or an applicant aggrieved by any advance ruling pronounced under sub-section (4) of section 98, may appeal to the Appellate Authority.
(2) Every appeal under this section shall be filed within a period of thirty days from the date on which the ruling sought to be appealed

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Section 124
Fine for failure to furnish statistics.
GST
OFFENCES AND PENALTIES
Section 124 of Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
Fine for failure to furnish statistics.
124. If any person required to furnish any information or return under section 151,-
(a) without reasonable cause fails to furnish such information or return as may be required under that section, or
(b) wilfully furnishes or causes to furnish any information or return which he knows to be false,
he shal

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Appellate Authority for Advance Ruling.
Section 99
GST
ADVANCE RULING
Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
Appellate Authority for Advance Ruling.
99. Subject to the provisions of this Chapter, for the purposes of this Act, the Appellate Authority for Advance Ruling constituted under the provisions of a State Goods and Services Tax Act or a Union Territory Goods and Services Tax Act shall be deemed to be the Appellate Authority in respect of that State or Union territory.

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Section 123
Penalty for failure to furnish information return.
GST
OFFENCES AND PENALTIES
Section 123 of Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
Penalty for failure to furnish information return.
123. If a person who is required to furnish an information return under section 150 fails to do so within the period specified in the notice issued under sub-section (3) thereof, the proper officer may direct that such person shall be liable to pay a penalty of one hundred rupees for e

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Section 98
Procedure on receipt of application.
GST
ADVANCE RULING
Section 98 of Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
Procedure on receipt of application.
98. (1) On receipt of an application, the Authority shall cause a copy thereof to be forwarded to the concerned officer and, if necessary, call upon him to furnish the relevant records:
Provided that where any records have been called for by the Authority in any case, such records shall, as soon as possible, be returned to the said concerned officer.
(2) The Authority may, after examining the application and the records called for and after hearing the applicant or his authorised representative and the concerned officer or his authorised representative, by order, e

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er material as may be placed before it by the applicant or obtained by the Authority and after providing an opportunity of being heard to the applicant or his authorised representative as well as to the concerned officer or his authorised representative, pronounce its advance ruling on the question specified in the application.
(5) Where the members of the Authority differ on any question on which the advance ruling is sought, they shall state the point or points on which they differ and make a reference to the Appellate Authority for hearing and decision on such question.
(6) The Authority shall pronounce its advance ruling in writing within ninety days from the date of receipt of application.
(7) A copy of the advance ruling pronounced

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Section 122
Penalty for certain offences.
GST
OFFENCES AND PENALTIES
Section 122 of Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
CHAPTER XIX
OFFENCES AND PENALTIES
Penalty for certain offences.
122. (1) Where a taxable person who
(i) supplies any goods or services or both without issue of any invoice or issues an incorrect or false invoice with regard to any such supply;
(ii) issues any invoice or bill without supply of goods or services or both in violation of the provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder;
(iii) collects any amount as tax but fails to pay the same to the Government beyond a period of three months from the date on which such payment becomes due;
(iv) collects any tax in contravention of the provisions of this Act but fails to pay the same to the Government beyond a period of three months from the date on which such payment becomes due;
(v) fails to deduct the tax in accordance with the provisions of sub-section (1) of section 51, or deduct

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th an intention to evade payment of tax due under this Act;
(xi) is liable to be registered under this Act but fails to obtain registration;
(xii) furnishes any false information with regard to registration particulars, either at the time of applying for registration, or subsequently;
(xiii) obstructs or prevents any officer in discharge of his duties under this Act;
(xiv) transports any taxable goods without the cover of documents as may be specified in this behalf;
(xv) suppresses his turnover leading to evasion of tax under this Act;
(xvi) fails to keep, maintain or retain books of account and other documents in accordance with the provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder;
(xvii) fails to furnish information or documents called for by an officer in accordance with the provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder or furnishes false information or documents during any proceedings under this Act;
(xviii) supplies, transports or stores any goods which he has re

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ivalent to the tax evaded or input tax credit availed of or passed on.]
2[(1B) 3[Any electronic commerce operator, who is liable to collect tax at source under section 52,]-
(i) allows a supply of goods or services or both through it by an unregistered person other than a person exempted from registration by a notification issued under this Act to make such supply;
(ii) allows an inter-State supply of goods or services or both through it by a person who is not eligible to make such inter-State supply; or
(iii) fails to furnish the correct details in the statement to be furnished under sub-section (4) of section 52 of any outward supply of goods effected through it by a person exempted from obtaining registration under this Act,
shall be liable to pay a penalty of ten thousand rupees, or an amount equivalent to the amount of tax involved had such supply been made by a registered person other than a person paying tax under section 10, whichever is higher.]
(2) Any registered per

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n under this Act or the rules made thereunder;
(c) receives or is in any way concerned with the supply of, or in any other manner deals with any supply of services which he knows or has reasons to believe are in contravention of any provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder;
(d) fails to appear before the officer of central tax, when issued with a summon for appearance to give evidence or produce a document in an inquiry;
(e) fails to issue invoice in accordance with the provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder or fails to account for an invoice in his books of account,
shall be liable to a penalty which may extend to twenty-five thousand rupees.
 
 
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NOTES:-
1.
Inserted vide Section 126 of the Finance Act, 2020 w.e.f. 01-01-2021
2.
Inserted vide Section 155 of the Finance Act, 2023 w.e.f. 01-10-2023
3. 
Substituted vide Section 144 of the Finance (No. 2) Act, 2024 w.e.f. 01-10-20

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Application for advance ruling.
Section 97
GST
ADVANCE RULING
Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
Application for advance ruling.
97. (1) An applicant desirous of obtaining an advance ruling under this Chapter may make an application in such form and manner and accompanied by such fee as may be prescribed, stating the question on which the advance ruling is sought.
(2) The question on which the advance ruling is sought under this Act, shall be in respect of,
(a) classif

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Section 96
Authority for advance ruling.
GST
ADVANCE RULING
Section 96 of Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
Authority for advance ruling.
96. Subject to the provisions of this Chapter, for the purposes of this Act, the Authority for advance ruling constituted under the provisions of a State Goods and Services Tax Act or Union Territory Goods and Services Tax Act shall be deemed to be the Authority for advance ruling in respect of that State or Union territory.
–
Sta

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Section 121
Non-appealable decisions and orders.
GST
APPEALS AND REVISION
Section 121 of Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
Non-appealable decisions and orders.
121. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in any provisions of this Act, no appeal shall lie against any decision taken or order passed by an officer of central tax if such decision taken or order passed relates to any one or more of the following matters, namely:-
(a) an order of the Commissioner or other au

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Section 95
Definitions.
GST
ADVANCE RULING
Section 95 of Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
CHAPTER XVII
ADVANCE RULING
Definitions.
95. In this Chapter, unless the context otherwise requires,
(a) “advance ruling” means a decision provided by the Authority or the Appellate Authority 1[or the National Appellate Authority] to an applicant on matters or on questions specified in sub-section (2) of section 97 or sub-section (1) of section 100 2[or of section 101C], in relation to the supply of goods or services or both being undertaken or proposed to be undertaken by the applicant;
(b) “Appellate Authority” means the Appellate Authority for Advance Ruling referred to in section 99;
(c) “applicant” means any

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Section 120
Appeal not to be filed in certain cases.
GST
APPEALS AND REVISION
Section 120 of Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
Appeal not to be filed in certain cases.
120. (1) The Board may, on the recommendations of the Council, from time to time, issue orders or instructions or directions fixing such monetary limits, as it may deem fit, for the purposes of regulating the filing of appeal or application by the officer of the central tax under the provisions of this Chapter.
(2) Where, in pursuance of the orders or instructions or directions issued under sub-section (1), the officer of the central tax has not filed an appeal or application against any decision or order passed under the provisions of this Act, it sh

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Section 51
Tax deduction at source.
GST
PAYMENT OF TAX
Section 51 of Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
Tax deduction at source.
51. (1) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Act, the Government may mandate,
(a) a department or establishment of the Central Government or State Government; or
(b) local authority; or
(c) Governmental agencies; or
(d) such persons or category of persons as may be notified by the Government on the recommendations of the Council,
(hereafter in this section referred to as “the deductor”), to deduct tax at the rate of one per cent. from the payment made or credited to the supplier (hereafter in this section referred to as “the deductee”) of taxable goods or serv

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s made, in such manner as may be prescribed.
1[(3) A certificate of tax deduction at source shall be issued in such form and in such manner as may be prescribed.]
(4) 2[****]
(5) The deductee shall claim credit, in his electronic cash ledger, of the tax deducted and reflected in the return of the deductor furnished under sub-section (3) of section 39, in such manner as may be prescribed.
(6) If any deductor fails to pay to the Government the amount deducted as tax under sub-section (1), he shall pay interest in accordance with the provisions of sub-section (1) of section 50, in addition to the amount of tax deducted.
(7) The determination of the amount in default under this section shall be made in the manner specified in section 73 or

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Section 119
Sums due to be paid notwithstanding appeal, etc.
GST
APPEALS AND REVISION
Section 119 of Central Goods And Services Tax Act, 2017
Sums due to be paid notwithstanding appeal, etc.
119. Notwithstanding that an appeal has been preferred to the High Court or the Supreme Court, sums due to the Government as a result of an order passed by the 1[Principal Bench] of the Appellate Tribunal under sub-section (1) of section 113 or an order passed by the 2[State Benches] of the

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