Goods and Services Tax

World MSME Day 2026: 5 in 10 MSMEs continue to face supplier management, invoice compliance, price volatility and credit challenges; Digital Procurement adoption accelerating
GST
Dated:- 26-6-2026
PTI
New Delhi [India], June 26: India’s 7.4 crore-plus MSMEs registered on the Udyam and Udyam Assist platforms form the backbone of the economy, generating employment for over 32 crore people and contributing around 31% of GDP, 35.4% of manufacturing output and nearly half of the country’s exports. For these businesses — manufacturers, traders, retailers, service firms and millions of micro-entrepreneurs — procurement of raw materials, inventory, packaging, IT and office supplies remains one of the largest operating expenses and a critical daily activity. Key drivers for rising adoption of digital procurement are wide selection of products, ease of comparison across suppliers, centralised spend visibility and GST compliant invoicing
• 8 in 10 Indian MSMEs surveyed e

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nt, ONDC clocked around 218 million transactions in FY26, and Union Budget 2026–27 backs the sector with a dedicated INR10,000 crore SME Growth Fund.

The World MSME Day, observed every year on June 27th is a day that was designated by the United Nations General Assembly in 2017 to raise awareness of the contribution that micro, small and medium enterprises make to sustainable, inclusive economic growth, decent work and the UN Sustainable Development Goals. It is in this context that LocalCircles conducted this national study, with responses from over 16,000 MSMEs across 137 districts. The findings show the MSME procurement landscape, the challenges associated and how an increasing number of MSMEs are taking to digital procurement.
7 in 10 MSME businesses surveyed have 10 or less employees
The survey first asked MSME respondents, “What is the size of your business?” Of the 4,540 respondents, 34% said they are a “one-person business”; 35% reported “2–10 employees”

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Manufacturing, Business Services, Retail & Trading/Wholesale constitute 70% of MSMEs in India
The survey next asked, “Which sector does your business operate in?” Of the 4,619 respondents, 28% were in “Business Services (technology, financial, creative services etc.)”; 21% in “Manufacturing”; 21% in “Retail & Trading/Wholesale”; 8% each in “Hospitality & Restaurants”, “Education” and “Automotive”; 7% in “Healthcare”; and the balance in “Real Estate & Construction” and “Others”. To sum up, Business Services, Manufacturing and Retail & Trading/Wholesale together constitute roughly 70% of MSMEs in India, in line with the Udyam-registered base. Given their combined weight, this release presents dedicated sector cuts for Business Services and Manufacturing.

7 in 10 MSMEs regularly procure IT equipment, office stationery & supplies, packaging materials for their business
Moving to procurement itself, the survey asked, “In what all categorie

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Notice to a non-existent amalgamating company is jurisdictionally void after merger, while fresh proceedings remain open.
Case-Laws
GST
Proceedings based on a show cause notice issued to a company that had already merged and ceased to exist are without jurisdiction, because a notice to a non-existent amalgamating entity cannot validly found recovery action. The note applies the principle from Maruti Suzuki and later Bombay HC decisions, stating that where the merger and dissolution were undisputed and communicated to the department, the consequential adjudication is void ab initio. It also records that merger provisions do not authorise notice to a post-merger non-existent entity, while leaving the tax demand open for any fresh proceedings otherwise permissible.
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Unsigned GST assessment orders are invalid; delayed writs may proceed if a patent defect exists and tax is partly deposited.
Case-Laws
GST
A GST assessment order in Form GST DRC-07 issued without the assessing officer's signature is inherently invalid, because the signature is an indispensable requirement and its absence is a patent irregularity. Although the respondents objected on delay and relied on portal upload as service, the writ challenge was entertained in view of the defective order and practical difficulties under the online GST regime. The Court held that such delayed writ petitions may be considered on deposit of 20% of the disputed tax. The unsigned order was set aside and the matter remanded for fresh assessment after giving the assessee an opportunity of hearing.
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Input tax credit on purchases from a supplier later retrospectively cancelled was remitted for fresh consideration
Case-Laws
GST
Input tax credit on purchases made while the supplier was shown as registered on the GST portal was not finally decided on merits, because the High Court found a prima facie case for interference and required fresh, reasoned reconsideration. The impugned order denying credit was quashed, and the authority was directed to reconsider the claim in the light of the Division Bench rulings in Shyamal Mal Paul and Jyoti Tar Products, including the effect of later retrospective cancellation of the supplier's registration on invoices issued during the relevant period. Entitlement to the disputed credit was left open.
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Personal hearing under GST: multiple opportunities satisfied Section 75(4), and no second hearing was required before adverse order.
Case-Laws
GST
Under GST, a personal hearing under Section 75(4) is required when a written request is made or when an adverse order is contemplated; the text states that this requirement was satisfied because the taxpayer was given three hearings after replying to the show cause notice, and its authorised representative treated the written defence as final at the last hearing. The challenge for denial of personal hearing was rejected, and a second hearing before the final adverse order was held unnecessary. The separate grievance on premature recovery was left open for further instructions.
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Separate show cause notices required for each taxation period; common notice clubbing multiple years was struck down.
Case-Laws
GST
A common show cause notice covering multiple taxation periods was held unsustainable because assessment of tax and allied amounts must be initiated separately for each financial year or tax period. Following its earlier ruling, the HC held that different taxation periods cannot be clubbed in one notice, and the impugned notice was therefore set aside. The authorities were left free to initiate fresh proceedings in accordance with law.
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Delegated GST notifications cannot exceed recommendations; added “enforceable right” wording is invalid and ratification cannot cure it.
Case-Laws
GST
GST notifications issued under Sections 9 and 11 operate as subordinate legislation and cannot travel beyond the GST Council's recommendation. The HC held that the impugned notifications were ultra vires only to the extent they added the expression “enforceable right in a court of law”, because that phrase went beyond the recommendation's reference to an actionable claim; the remaining part of the notifications stayed valid. It further held that the GST Council has no constitutional power of ratification under Article 279A, so the 22nd meeting could not cure the unsupported addition and was without jurisdiction. The writ petitions were allowed and notices founded on the invalid part were set aside, with liberty to issue fresh notices in line with the sustained notifications.
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FAQs on Index of Services Production – Trial Indices with Base year 2024 -25
GST
Dated:- 25-6-2026

The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) is preparing to launch Index of Services Production (ISP) in July, 2026, which shall be a new macro indicator to measure the short-term changes in the growth of the services sector. As counterpart of the IIP which measures the economic growth of the industrial sector, ISP will cover the formal services sector and will be released on a monthly basis.

To assist MoSPI in the finalization of the conceptual & methodological framework for compiling ISP, a Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) on compilation of ISP, was constituted in May, 2025, under the chairpersonship of Ms. Debjani Ghosh, distinguished fellow, NITI Aayog. Apart from representatives from academia and the Industry associations, the TAC – ISP has members from the Ministries / departments of the services sector.

Based on the deliberations held in

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of Incorporated Services Sector Enterprises (ASISSE) are released.

The base year of ISP is selected as 2024 -25. The trial monthly indices for the year 2025 -26 and for the month of April, 2026 are slated for release on 14^th July, 2026. Thereafter, regular release of the monthly trial indices will be made with a lag of about 60 days on the 29^th Day (or next working day in case of a holiday) of every month.

To assist users and other stakeholders in appreciating the methodological & conceptual framework of compilation of ISP series, MoSPI is releasing, through this press release, a booklet on Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs).

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FAQs on Index of Services Production

1. What is the Index of Services Production (ISP)?

The Index of Services Production (ISP) is a short-term indicator designed to measure changes over time in the volume of output produced by the services sector relative to a specified base period. It measures changes in the real output of service-producing

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vices industries, thereby, strengthening monitoring of economic activity and supporting evidence-based policy decisions. In addition, ISP will serve as a high-frequency indicator of services sector growth and will provide timeseries data to enable better economic forecasting and business cycle analysis. Main users of ISP would be National Accounts, economic Ministries / departments, domain experts and researchers.

5. What were the major challenges that India was not able to compile an ISP earlier?

The compilation of an ISP requires high-frequency, reliable and representative indicators of service sector output. Unlike manufacturing, where production can often be measured through physical quantities of goods produced, services are largely intangible and many service activities do not have directly observable output measures. Historically, compilation of ISP in India faced several challenges, including:

• Limited availability of administrative datasets covering service

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be released?

MoSPI will utilize three main data sources for ISP namely administrative data, GST and ASISSE. As some of these sources are still evolving and GST data will be used for the first time in statistical applications, trial or experimental ISP indices will be released for some time to observe their stability and resilience. Thereafter, regular compilation and dissemination will take place.

8. What are the major data sources proposed for ISP?

The three principal data sources are:

• Administrative/secondary data for ISP of Air Transport, Railway Transport, Banking and Insurance;

• GST data for Wholesale Trade, Retail Trade, Repair and Maintenance, Accommodation and Food, Road Transport, Water Transport, Warehousing and support activities for transportation, Postal & courier, Telecommunications, Information and Broadcasting, Real estate, Information and computer related services, Professional, scientific & technical services including R & D, Admi

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• Activities of private households with employed persons

• Activities of extraterritorial organisations

• Health and Education services provided by Government and

• Gambling and betting activities

11. How are Health and Education sub – sectors, exempt from GST will be covered in ISP?

Indices of Health and Education sub – sectors (excluding government contribution) are planned to be compiled on the basis of estimates from ASISSE surveys.

12. What will be the frequency of release of All India ISP?

ISP will be released with a monthly frequency with a lag of about 60 days.

13. What are quantity-based indicators?

Quantity based indicators directly measure the output in physical quantities terms such as passenger-kilometers travelled in case of Air Transport. In ISP, indices of only two sub – sectors, namely, Air Transport and Railways are based on quantity output.

 14. What are value-based indicators?

Indicator

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cations adapted for the Indian context by the Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC). SAC is used to classify different types of services for the purposes of taxation, invoicing, and filing GST returns. SACs facilitate mapping of GST outward supplies to the National Industrial Classification (NIC) codes of the services industries.

 18. How are GST data transformed into output measures?

Aggregated data on SAC wise Taxable Value of Sales (outward supplies), as obtained from the return GSTR 1, can be considered as the output variable in value terms. GSTN has made available product / service wise (SAC codes) data on 'outward supplies' for different service activities as extracted from monthly GST returns.  MoSPI does not have access to nor does it require individual unit level data for this purpose.

The production of services directly results into its sale / consumption. Hence, use of GST data of outward supplies essentially reflects production of services. O

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e Service Producer Price Indices (SPPIs) are preferred as deflators for ISP, in case of non-availability of SPPI, CPI is recommended.

22. Why has SPPI not been used for ISP?

The data on SPPI is available only for limited services. In respect of the sub – sectors being covered under ISP; SPPIs are available only for five sub- sectors, namely, Air Transport, Railways, Telecom, Banking and Insurance for which SPPI were available. In case of Air Transport and Railways, as the output indicator of ISP is in terms of quantity, no deflator is required.

Further, as the SPPIs are available with a quarterly frequency and lag of 60 days their use in monthly ISP may not be feasible. Thus, use of CPI (communications) as a deflator for telecom sub – sector will be made. In case of financial sub – sectors (Banking and Insurance), in accordance with the report of the sub – committee on 'Methodological improvement for the base year revision of GDP (base year 2022 -23), use of general CPI as a d

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nearly 28% of the total weight of overall CPI and nearly 44.44% of the non- food weight.

• Another significant division in the non – food items category is “Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas and Other Fuels”, this accounts for nearly 17.67% of the total weight of the overall CPI and 28% weight in the non – food category. 'Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas and Other Fuels' are significant contributors to inflation in services. They act as major cost-push factors by either directly driving up operating expenses for businesses & producer prices or increasing the cost of living for employees leading to higher wage demands & in turn higher producer prices.

• Other significant cost push factor items in the non – food category include petrol, diesel and CNG which are under the Transport Division of CPI which account for nearly 4.85% of the total weight of the overall CPI and 7.7% weight in the non -food category.

• Thus, in all more than 80% of th

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Writ challenge to GST show cause notice fails where statutory appeal is available and no natural justice breach is shown
Case-Laws
GST
Writ interference with a GST show cause notice and adjudication order was declined because an efficacious statutory appeal was available and no breach of natural justice or statutory provision was shown. The petitioner had participated in the proceedings, filed replies, and had not raised before adjudication the plea that only part of the notice was served. The reference to 2021 in the relied-upon documents was accepted as an inadvertent typographical error, as the demand related to October 2018 to November 2019. The order in original covered the relevant periods and showed that the petitioner had sufficient opportunity of hearing; the disputed factual issues were left to the appellate authority.
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Speaking order requirement in GST registration cancellation: vague notices and absent reasons violate natural justice and statutory procedure.
Case-Laws
GST
Cancellation of GST registration requires a speaking order that records specific reasons and gives the taxpayer a meaningful opportunity to respond. A show cause notice that merely alleges non-filing of returns for six months, without identifying the relevant period or defaults, is inadequate. Rule 22 read with FORM GST REG-19 obligates the Proper Officer to state clear grounds for cancellation; an order reciting only absence of reply and marking the case as “Others” shows non-application of mind and violates natural justice. The cancellation was quashed, and the matter was restored to the show cause stage for fresh action in accordance with law.
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Reasoned penalty order on fake invoices sustained where material showed partners' knowledge and consent under GST.
Case-Laws
GST
Penalty liability of firm partners for fraudulent input tax credit was upheld where the adjudicating authority linked them, through their own statements, WhatsApp chats and other electronic material, to fake invoices, fake e-way bills and hawala routing of funds. The High Court held that the order was a reasoned adjudication and that the findings showed the firm's affairs were carried on with the petitioners' knowledge and consent, bringing them within the liability contemplated under Section 122(1A). The challenge based on breach of natural justice failed, Kranti Associates was held inapplicable, and no case for interference under Article 226 was made out. The writ petition was rejected.
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Non-consideration of an applicable tax circular justified interference and remand in an input tax credit dispute.
Case-Laws
GST
Non-consideration of an applicable departmental circular can vitiate tax adjudication where the circular governs the dispute. Here, the HC found that the adjudicating authority had not considered the Circular dated 27.12.2022 in an input tax credit discrepancy matter for the 2017-18 period. Treating that omission as sufficient to interfere, the Court set aside the adjudication order, summary order and consequential letter, and remitted the matter for fresh consideration in accordance with law, with liberty to the petitioner to place additional material.
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Provisional attachment under Section 83 needs prior opinion; a bare revenue-protection order is mechanically unsustainable
Case-Laws
GST
Provisional attachment of a bank account under Section 83 requires the competent authority to form a prior opinion before invoking the power. The cited Supreme Court authority treats the provision as draconian and insists on strict compliance with the statutory preconditions to prevent arbitrary interference with business activity. An attachment order that merely states it is issued to protect revenue, without recording the mandated opinion, is mechanically made and legally unsustainable; the bank account must be de-frozen.
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GST registration restoration follows cancellation for non-filing, with relief linked to payment of outstanding dues and penalties.
Case-Laws
GST
Restoration of GST registration after cancellation for non-filing of returns was discussed by reference to a co-ordinate bench ruling granting similar relief. The text states that the cancellation orders and the appellate dismissal for non-appearance were quashed, and registration was directed to be restored on determination and payment of outstanding GST dues within the stipulated time, together with applicable interest, late fee and penalty. The operative point is that restoration was made conditional on clearing the tax liabilities.
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Wrongful ITC utilisation attracts interest under Section 50(3); electronic credit ledger use excludes the cash-ledger proviso.
Case-Laws
GST
Section 50(3) governs interest where input tax credit is wrongly availed and utilised, and it prevails over the general rule in Section 50(1). The text states that the expression is not confined to fraudulent or bad-faith claims; any credit taken and used without entitlement falls within it. A mismatch between GSTR-3B and GSTR-2A may justify treating credit as ineligible, and Rule 88B(3) requires interest to be computed from utilisation until reversal or payment. Because the utilisation occurs through the electronic credit ledger, the cash-ledger limitation in Section 50(1) does not apply, and the levy of interest is sustained.
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Statutory show cause notice cannot be replaced by DRC-01 summary; fresh notice may relate back.
Case-Laws
GST
Under section 73, a summary in Form DRC-01 cannot replace the statutory show cause notice, and notice, statement and order must be issued and authenticated by the proper officer. The text notes that non-compliance makes the initiation ineffective, leading to quashing of the order in original while preserving the summary already issued and allowing a fresh notice. For de novo proceedings, the fresh notice relates back to the date of the summary, and the intervening period is excluded while computing limitation for passing the adjudication order.
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Waiver of interest and penalty cannot be rejected on Section 74 grounds when proceedings were initiated under Section 73
Case-Laws
GST
An application for waiver of interest and penalty under section 128A could not be rejected solely because input tax credit had been availed from non-existing taxpayers, cancelled dealers, or return defaulters. The High Court held that, since an assessment order had been issued and no appellate order existed, the application fell within clause (b) of section 128A(1) and related to a covered period. If the alleged ITC irregularity was the real basis, proceedings ought to have been initiated under section 74; the record showed they were initiated under section 73. The rejection was therefore unsustainable, the order was set aside, and the waiver application was remanded for fresh consideration.
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Contractual GST reimbursement claims may be declined in writ jurisdiction where factual questions require other remedies
Case-Laws
GST
A claim for reimbursement of GST paid on works contracts was treated as a contractual dispute turning on the terms of the agreement and underlying facts; the HC declined to examine it in writ jurisdiction. As adjudication of whether the contractor was entitled to reimbursement would require factual inquiry into the contract between the parties, the Court found the petition unsuitable for writ relief and dismissed it. The petitioners were left free to pursue other alternate remedies.
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Natural justice bars blocking an electronic credit ledger without notice; order set aside, fresh proceedings allowed.
Case-Laws
GST
Blocking of an electronic credit ledger carries civil consequences and, even where the authority has jurisdiction to act on suspected fraudulent availment of input tax credit, it must comply with natural justice. The HC noted that prior notice and an opportunity of hearing are required before such blocking. As the impugned order was issued without giving the affected person that opportunity, it was set aside. The authority was left free to commence fresh proceedings in accordance with law after due notice and hearing.
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Kerala CAG report flags revenue gaps in liquor, transport sectors
GST
Dated:- 23-6-2026
PTI
Thiruvananthapuram, Jun 23 (PTI) The CAG has identified revenue shortfalls and compliance issues in Kerala's liquor and transport sectors, among other departments, in its report on state revenues for the year ended March 2024 that was tabled in the state legislature on Tuesday.

According to it, Kerala's revenue receipts for 2023-24 stood at Rs 1,24,486.15 crore, comprising Rs 90,674.97 crore in the state's own revenue and Rs 33,811.18 crore received from the central government.

The CAG also reported revenue arrears of Rs 30,308.52 crore, equivalent to 24.35 per cent of the state's total revenue, and noted that audit observations i

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ck-posts, indicating possible diversion into the Kerala market and an estimated revenue loss of Rs 5.10 crore.

According to the report, shortcomings in tax assessments, including failure to include sales tax while computing turnover tax, irregular exemption on beer sales to a brewery in Kanjikode and inadequate verification of tax returns, resulted in short levy or non-levy of taxes amounting to Rs 19.17 crore.

Separately, the Comptroller and Auditor General's audit of the functioning of Regional Transport Offices (RTOs) and the State Transport Authority found that despite an expenditure of Rs 37.48 crore on nine Automated Driving Test Tracks (ADTTs) and nine Automated Testing Stations (ATSs), only two ADTTs were operational while n

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Haryana GST adds postal intimation for show cause notices and demand orders while deeming portal service as receipt.
Circulars
GST – States
Show cause notices in FORM GST DRC-01 and demand orders in FORM GST DRC-07 issued under the Haryana GST regime must now be additionally intimated by registered or speed post with acknowledgement due, after service on the GST common portal, for intimation only. The notice or order remains deemed received on the portal date under Section 169. Jurisdictional Proper Officers must send the post intimation within 15 days, maintain dispatch registers ward-wise, and the district Deputy Commissioner must supervise and countersign those registers monthly. The instruction applies from 1 June 2026 and supersedes the earlier instruction.
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Manufacture test under GST classification keeps lightly processed tobacco in unmanufactured category, cancelling reclassification and demand
Case-Laws
GST
GST tariff classification of tobacco processed only by sprinkling jaggery water, without flavours or other additives, turned on the settled manufacture test: if the activity does not create a new product with a distinct name, character or use, the product remains unmanufactured tobacco. Following the earlier Division Bench and Pachiappa Chettiar, the Court treated the issue as identical, held the departmental reclassification unsustainable, and set aside the consequential demand, interest and penalty. The product was held classifiable under CETH 2401 20 90 so long as the process remains confined to that limited treatment.
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Composite show cause notices covering multiple assessment years are unsustainable; separate notices and limitation exclusion follow.
Case-Laws
GST
Composite show cause notices covering multiple assessment years are not legally sustainable where separate notices are required for each year. Applying prior Division Bench rulings, the HC quashed the consolidated notice, while preserving the respondents' liberty to issue fresh notices for the relevant assessment years. It also directed that the period from issuance of the impugned notice until receipt of the certified copy of the judgment be excluded when computing limitation in any fresh proceedings.
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Punjab's bicycle industry seeks release of pending GST refunds
GST
Dated:- 22-6-2026
PTI
Ludhiana, Jun 22 (PTI) Punjab's bicycle industry has sought immediate release of pending GST refunds, saying delays have created a severe working capital crisis and pushed many manufacturing units into financial distress. ? The United Cycle and Parts Manufacturers Association, in a statement issued on Monday, said bicycle manufacturers are facing liquidity problems as large amounts of GST refunds remain pending with the Punjab government. ? Former president of the industry body DS Chawla said the Centre's decision to reduce GST on bicycles from 12 per cent to 5 per cent had benefited customers and promoted an eco-friendly mode of t

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GST recovery notice invalid where DRC-07 omitted interest and penalty from the summary order before garnishee action
Case-Laws
GST
Recovery of GST interest and penalty failed where the order-in-original was not matched by Form GST DRC-07, which reflected only tax and omitted the additional demand. On that discrepancy, the garnishee notice in Form GST DRC-13 was unsustainable in its present form and was set aside. The respondents were left free to rectify Form GST DRC-07, and the taxpayer was left to pursue the remedy available in law thereafter.
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